Chokai bus schedule

This is the bus schedule for some buses in Chokai, Yurihonjo, Akita. There are no trains in Chokai. I transcribed and translated this from Japanese ─ see http://busnavi.g.ribbon.to/line/chokai/chokai.php.

In Chokai, bus drivers will pick up passengers anywhere along the route. Even if you are not at a bus stop, wave to the driver to get on the bus. Bus drivers will let passengers off anywhere along the route, too.

これは鳥海町のバス時間割です。鳥海町は秋田県の由利本荘市の一部です。

Sarukura Line: To Chokaisō

Bus number 123
Days off Saturdays ・ Sundays ・ holidays
Starting point Chokai Town Office
Chokai Town Office 06:5511:4516:10
Chokai Medical Center 06:5711:4716:12
Kaizawa 07:0111:5116:16
Shimo-Sainokami 07:0511:0516:20
Kami-Sainokami 07:0811:5816:23
Miyanosawa 07:1012:0016:25
Sarukura Kaikan 07:1212:0216:27
Chokaisō 07:1512:0516:30
Ending point Chokaisō
   

猿倉線:鳥海荘行き

番号 1 2 3
運休 土 ・ 日 ・ 祝日
始発駅 鳥海総合支所前
鳥海総合支所前 06:5511:4516:10
鳥海診療所前 06:5711:4716:12
貝沢 07:0111:5116:16
下才ノ神 07:0511:0516:20
上才ノ神 07:0811:5816:23
宮ノ沢 07:1012:0016:25
猿倉会館 07:1212:0216:27
鳥海荘 07:1512:0516:30
行先 鳥海荘

Sarukura Line: To Chokai Town Office

Bus number 1'2'3'
Days off Saturdays ・ Sundays ・ holidays
Starting point Chokaisō
Chokaisō 07:1612:3116:31
Sarukura Kaikan 07:1912:3416:34
Miyanosawa 07:2112:3616:36
Kami-Sainokami 07:2312:3816:38
Shimo-Sainokami 07:2612:4116:41
Kaizawa 07:3112:4616:46
Chokai Medical Center 07:3512:5016:50
Chokai Town Office 07:3612:5116:51
Ending point Chokai Town Office
   

猿倉線:鳥海総合支所行き

番号 1'2'3'
運休 土 ・ 日 ・ 祝日
始発駅 鳥海荘
鳥海荘 07:1612:3116:31
猿倉会館 07:1912:3416:34
宮ノ沢 07:2112:3616:36
上才ノ神 07:2312:3816:38
下才ノ神 07:2612:4116:41
貝沢 07:3112:4616:46
鳥海診療所前 07:3512:5016:50
鳥海総合支所前 07:3612:5116:51
行先 鳥海総合支所前

Naka-Hitane Line: To Kawakuma and Shimo-Momoyake

Bus number 1234
Days off Saturdays ・ Sundays ・ holidays
Starting point Chokai Town Office
Chokai Town Office 06:0009:5011:4516:10
Chokai Medical Center 06:0109:5111:4616:11
Nagasaka 06:0609:5511:5116:16
Kuride 06:0809:5811:5316:18
Ōkawabata 06:0909:5911:5416:19
Shimo-Hitane 06:1210:0211:5716:22
Hitane Preschool 06:1310:0311:5816:23
Hitane Medical Center 06:1410:0411:5916:24
Hitane Branch Office 06:1510:0512:0016:25
Isonosawa 06:1810:0812:0316:28
Magaki 06:2010:1012:0516:30
Yamasaki 06:2210:1212:0716:32
Ogunai 06:2510:1512:1016:35
Kawakuma 06:2810:1812:1316:38
Ogunai 06:3110:2112:1616:41
Yamasaki 06:3410:2412:1916:44
Nakamura 06:4210:3212:2716:52
Shimo-Momoyake 06:4510:3512:3016:55
Ending point Shimo-Momoyake
   

中直根線:川熊・下百宅行き

番号 1234
運休 土 ・ 日 ・ 祝日
始発駅 鳥海総合支所前
鳥海総合支所前 06:0009:5011:4516:10
鳥海診療所前 06:0109:5111:4616:11
長坂 06:0609:5511:5116:16
栗出 06:0809:5811:5316:18
大川端 06:0909:5911:5416:19
下直根 06:1210:0211:5716:22
直根保育園 06:1310:0311:5816:23
直根診療所 06:1410:0411:5916:24
直根出張所 06:1510:0512:0016:25
礒ノ沢 06:1810:0812:0316:28
馬垣 06:2010:1012:0516:30
山サキ 06:2210:1212:0716:32
大宮内 06:2510:1512:1016:35
川熊 06:2810:1812:1316:38
大宮内 06:3110:2112:1616:41
山サキ 06:3410:2412:1916:44
中村 06:4210:3212:2716:52
下百宅 06:4510:3512:3016:55
行先 下百宅

Naka-Hitane Line: To Chokai Town Office

Bus number 1'2'3'4'
Days off Saturdays ・ Sundays ・ holidays
Starting point Shimo-Momoyake
Shimo-Momoyake 06:4710:3712:4716:57
Nakamura 06:5010:4012:5017:00
Yamasaki 06:5910:4912:5917:09
Ogunai 07:0210:5213:0217:12
Kawakuma 07:0510:5513:0517:15
Ogunai 07:0810:5813:0817:18
Yamasaki 07:1111:0113:1117:21
Magaki 07:1311:0313:1317:23
Isonosawa 07:1511:0513:1517:25
Hitane Branch Office 07:1811:0813:1817:28
Hitane Medical Center 07:2011:1013:2017:30
Hitane Preschool 07:2111:1113:2117:31
Shimo-Hitane 07:2211:1213:2217:32
Ōkawabata 07:2511:1513:2517:35
Kuride 07:2611:1613:2617:36
Nagasaka 07:2811:1813:2817:38
Chokai Medical Center 07:3311:2313:3317:43
Chokai Town Office 07:3511:2513:3517:45
Ending point Chokai Town Office
   

中直根線:鳥海総合支所行き

番号 1'2'3'4'
運休 土 ・ 日 ・ 祝日
始発駅 下百宅
下百宅 06:4710:3712:4716:57
中村 06:5010:4012:5017:00
山サキ 06:5910:4912:5917:09
大宮内 07:0210:5213:0217:12
川熊 07:0510:5513:0517:15
大宮内 07:0810:5813:0817:18
山サキ 07:1111:0113:1117:21
馬垣 07:1311:0313:1317:23
礒ノ沢 07:1511:0513:1517:25
直根出張所 07:1811:0813:1817:28
直根診療所 07:2011:1013:2017:30
直根保育園 07:2111:1113:2117:31
下直根 07:2211:1213:2217:32
大川端 07:2511:1513:2517:35
栗出 07:2611:1613:2617:36
長坂 07:2811:1813:2817:38
鳥海診療所 07:3311:2313:3317:43
鳥海総合支所前 07:3511:2513:3517:45
行先 鳥海総合支所前

Sarakawa Line: To Sarakawa

Bus number 123
Days off Saturdays ・ Sundays ・ holidays
Starting point Hottoin Chokai
Hottoin Chokai 09:3512:1014:15
Jinego Branch Office 09:3712:1214:17
Fukujima 09:4212:1714:22
Bunabuchi 09:4312:1814:23
Harimizu Kaikan 09:4912:2414:29
Akakura 09:5612:3114:36
Tōgenozawa 10:0012:3514:40
Sarakawa 10:0512:4014:45
Ending point Sarakawa
   

皿川線:皿川方面行き

番号 123
運休 土 ・ 日 ・ 祝日
始発駅 ほっといん鳥海
ほっといん鳥海 09:3512:1014:15
笹子出張所 09:3712:1214:17
福島 09:4212:1714:22
模渕 09:4312:1814:23
針水会館 09:4912:2414:29
赤倉 09:5612:3114:36
峠ノ沢 10:0012:3514:40
皿川 10:0512:4014:45
行先 皿川

Sarakawa Line: To Hottoin Chokai

Bus number 1'2'3'
Days off Saturdays ・ Sundays ・ holidays
Starting point Sarakawa
Sarakawa 10:1012:4014:50
Tōgenozawa 10:1512:4514:55
Akakura 10:1912:4914:59
Harimizu Kaikan 10:2612:5615:06
Bunabuchi 10:3213:0215:12
Fukujima 10:3413:0415:14
Hottoin Chokai 10:3613:0615:16
Jinego Branch Office 10:4013:1015:20
Ending point Jinego Branch Office
   

皿川線:ほっといん鳥海行き

Bus number 1'2'3'
運休 土 ・ 日 ・ 祝日
始発駅 皿川
皿川 10:1012:4014:50
峠ノ沢 10:1512:4514:55
赤倉 10:1912:4914:59
針水会館 10:2612:5615:06
模渕 10:3213:0215:12
福島 10:3413:0415:14
ほっといん鳥海 10:3613:0615:16
笹子出張所 10:4013:1015:20
行先 笹子出張所

Creative Commons License
This work (the text of this blog entry) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

Yashima-Jinego bus schedule

This is the bus schedule for the Yashima-Jinego Line, Chokai, Yurihonjo, Akita. There are no trains in Chokai, and this bus goes along Highway 108, the main highway. This list is a translation from Japanese ─ see http://busnavi.g.ribbon.to/line.php?line=28.

The only other buses in Chokai go to Naka-Hitane, Sarukura, and Sarakawa. The information is online in Japanese ─ see http://busnavi.g.ribbon.to/line/chokai/chokai.php.

Yashima-Jinego Line (Line 28): To Jinego

Bus number JNK01 JNK03 YSM05 JNK07 YSM15 JNK11 YSM21 JNK15
Days off Sundays
holidays
Saturdays
Sundays
holidays
Sundays
holidays
Sundays
holidays
Starting point Yashima Bus Station Honjo Bus Station Yashima Bus Station Honjo Bus Station Yashima Bus Station Honjo Bus Station Yashima Bus Station
Yashima Bus Station 06:30 07:10 09:30 11:25 14:30 15:50 17:10 18:50
Tatemachi 06:30 07:10 09:30 11:25 14:30 15:50 17:10 18:50
Aramachi Corner 06:30 07:10 09:30 11:25 14:30 15:50 17:10 18:50
Yashima Station 06:32 07:12 09:32 11:27 14:32 15:52 17:12 18:52
Toyomachi Corner 06:32 07:12 09:32 11:27 14:32 15:52 17:12 18:52
Toyomachi 06:32 07:12 09:32 11:27 14:32 15:52 17:12 18:52
Sakaemachi 06:32 07:12 09:32 11:27 14:32 15:52 17:12 18:52
Ōkawara 06:33 07:13 09:33 11:28 14:33 15:53 17:13 18:53
Aramachi 06:34 07:14 09:34 11:29 14:34 15:54 17:14 18:54
Shinjo 06:35 07:15 09:35 11:30 14:35 15:55 17:15 18:55
Kami-Shinjo 06:36 07:16 09:36 11:31 14:36 15:56 17:16 18:56
Gonai 06:38 07:18 09:38 11:33 14:38 15:58 17:18 18:58
Dōbutsuzaka 06:39 07:19 09:39 11:34 14:39 15:59 17:19 18:59
Tsubofuchi 06:41 07:21 09:41 11:36 14:41 16:01 17:21 19:01
Yanomoto 06:42 07:22 09:42 11:37 14:42 16:02 17:22 19:02
Tsurugataira 06:43 07:23 09:43 11:38 14:43 16:03 17:23 19:03
Shimo-Fushimi 06:45 07:25 09:45 11:40 14:45 16:05 17:25 19:05
Naka-Fushimi 06:46 07:26 09:46 11:41 14:46 16:06 17:26 19:06
Chokai Town Office 06:49 07:29 09:49 11:44 14:49 16:09 17:29 19:09
Chokai Medical Center 06:49 07:29 09:49 11:44 14:49 16:09 17:29 19:09
Fushimizawa 06:49 07:29 09:49 11:44 14:49 16:09 17:29 19:09
Sagenabe 06:49 07:29 09:49 11:44 14:49 16:09 17:29 19:09
Shimo-Hirane 06:50 07:30 09:50 11:45 14:50 16:10 17:30 19:10
Hirane 06:50 07:30 09:50 11:45 14:50 16:10 17:30 19:10
Kami-Hirane 06:52 07:34 09:52 11:47 14:52 16:12 17:32 19:12
Shōdeyachi 06:52 --:-- 09:52 11:47 14:52 16:12 17:32 19:12
Naranokidaira 06:55 --:-- 09:55 11:50 14:55 16:15 17:35 19:15
Kogawa 06:57 --:-- 09:57 11:52 14:57 16:17 17:37 19:17
Okanai 06:59 --:-- 09:59 11:54 14:59 16:19 17:39 19:19
Tōge 07:00 --:-- 10:00 11:55 15:00 16:20 17:40 19:20
Shimo-Neko 07:01 --:-- 10:01 11:56 15:01 16:21 17:41 19:21
Neko 07:02 --:-- 10:02 11:57 15:02 16:22 17:42 19:22
Sannotsubo 07:04 --:-- 10:04 11:59 15:04 16:24 17:44 19:24
Seme 07:05 --:-- 10:05 12:00 15:05 16:25 17:45 19:25
Motoyashiki 07:07 --:-- 10:07 12:01 15:07 16:27 17:47 19:27
Kami-Sugisawa 07:08 --:-- 10:08 12:02 15:08 16:28 17:48 19:28
Hottoin Chokai 07:12 --:-- 10:12 12:07 15:12 16:32 17:52 19:32
Kami-Jinego 07:12 --:-- 10:12 12:07 --:-- --:-- 17:52 19:32
Nakamura 07:13 --:-- 10:13 12:08 --:-- --:-- 17:53 19:33
Tenjin Kawakuma Corner 07:14 --:-- 10:14 12:09 --:-- --:-- 17:54 19:34
Hinotosō 07:16 --:-- 10:16 12:11 --:-- --:-- 17:56 19:36
Tagabana 07:18 --:-- 10:18 12:13 --:-- --:-- 17:58 19:38
Kami-Noyake 07:21 --:-- 10:21 12:16 --:-- --:-- 18:01 19:41
Ending point Kami-Noyake Kami-Hirane Kami-Noyake Hottoin Chokai Kami-Noyake

Yashima-Jinego Line (Line 28): To Yashima and Honjo

Bus number YSM54 YSM56 YSM58 JNK08
Days off Sundays
holidays
Saturdays
Sundays
holidays
school holidays
Saturdays
Sundays
holidays
Starting point Kami-Noyake Kami-Hirane Kami-Noyake
Kami-Noyake 06:05 --:-- --:-- 07:25
Tagabana 06:05 --:-- --:-- 07:25
Hinotosō 06:06 --:-- --:-- 07:26
Tenjin Kawakuma Corner 06:08 --:-- --:-- 07:28
Nakamura 06:09 --:-- --:-- 07:29
Kami-Jinego 06:10 --:-- --:-- 07:30
Hottoin Chokai 06:14 --:-- --:-- 07:34
Kami-Sugisawa 06:14 --:-- --:-- 07:34
Motoyashiki 06:15 --:-- --:-- 07:35
Seme 06:17 --:-- --:-- 07:37
Sannotsubo 06:18 --:-- --:-- 07:38
Neko 06:20 --:-- --:-- 07:40
Shimo-Neko 06:21 --:-- --:-- 07:41
Tōge 06:22 --:-- --:-- 07:42
Okanai 06:23 --:-- --:-- 07:43
Kogawa 06:25 --:-- --:-- 07:45
Naranokidaira 06:27 --:-- --:-- 07:47
Shōdeyachi 06:30 --:-- --:-- 07:50
Kami-Hirane 06:30 07:05 07:35 07:50
Hirane 06:30 07:05 07:35 07:50
Shimo-Hirane 06:32 07:05 07:35 07:52
Sagenabe 06:33 07:06 07:36 07:53
Fushimizawa 06:33 07:06 07:36 07:53
Chokai Medical Center 06:33 07:06 07:36 07:53
Chokai Town Office 06:37 07:10 07:40 07:57
Naka-Fushimi 06:37 07:10 07:40 07:57
Shimo-Fushimi 06:37 07:10 07:40 07:57
Tsurugataira 06:39 07:12 07:42 07:59
Yanomoto 06:40 07:13 07:43 08:00
Tsubofuchi 06:41 07:14 07:44 08:01
Dōbutsuzaka 06:44 07:17 07:47 08:04
Gonai 06:45 07:18 07:48 08:05
Kami-Shinjo 06:46 07:19 07:49 08:06
Shinjo 06:47 07:20 07:50 08:07
Aramachi 06:48 07:21 07:51 08:08
Ōkawara 06:49 07:22 07:52 08:12
Sakaemachi 06:50 07:23 07:53 08:13
Toyomachi 06:51 07:24 07:54 08:14
Toyomachi Corner 06:51 07:24 07:54 08:14
Yashima Station 06:54 07:27 07:57 08:17
Aramachi Corner 06:54 07:27 07:57 08:17
Tatemachi 06:54 07:27 07:57 08:17
Yashima Bus Station 06:56 07:29 07:59 08:19
Ending point Yashima Bus Station
(Honjo Bus Station)
Yashima Bus Station
(Yuri Technical High School)
Yashima Bus Station
(Honjo Bus Station)
Yashima Bus Station

Yashima-Jinego Line (Line 28): To Yashima and Honjo (continued)

Bus number JNK10 JNK12 YSM74 JNK16 JNK18
Days off
Starting point Kami-Noyake Hottoin Chokai Kami-Noyake
Kami-Noyake 10:30 12:25 --:-- --:-- 18:05
Tagabana 10:30 12:25 --:-- --:-- 18:05
Hinotosō 10:31 12:26 --:-- --:-- 18:06
Tenjin Kawakuma Corner 10:33 12:28 --:-- --:-- 18:08
Nakamura 10:34 12:29 --:-- --:-- 18:09
Kami-Jinego 10:35 12:30 --:-- --:-- 18:10
Hottoin Chokai 10:39 12:34 15:39 16:40 18:14
Kami-Sugisawa 10:39 12:34 15:39 16:40 18:14
Motoyashiki 10:40 12:35 15:40 16:41 18:15
Seme 10:42 12:37 15:42 16:43 18:17
Sannotsubo 10:43 12:38 15:43 16:44 18:18
Neko 10:45 12:40 15:45 16:46 18:20
Shimo-Neko 10:46 12:41 15:46 16:47 18:21
Tōge 10:47 12:42 15:47 16:48 18:22
Okanai 10:48 12:43 15:48 16:49 18:23
Kogawa 10:50 12:45 15:50 16:51 18:25
Naranokidaira 10:52 12:47 15:52 16:53 18:27
Shōdeyachi 10:55 12:50 15:55 16:56 18:30
Kami-Hirane 10:55 12:50 15:55 16:56 18:30
Hirane 10:55 12:50 15:55 16:56 18:30
Shimo-Hirane 10:57 12:52 15:57 16:58 18:32
Sagenabe 10:58 12:53 15:58 16:59 18:33
Fushimizawa 10:58 12:53 15:58 16:59 18:33
Chokai Medical Center 10:58 12:53 15:58 16:59 18:33
Chokai Town Office 11:02 12:57 16:02 17:03 18:37
Naka-Fushimi 11:02 12:57 16:02 17:03 18:37
Shimo-Fushimi 11:02 12:57 16:02 17:03 18:37
Tsurugataira 11:04 12:59 16:04 17:05 18:39
Yanomoto 11:05 13:00 16:05 17:06 18:40
Tsubofuchi 11:06 13:01 16:06 17:07 18:41
Dōbutsuzaka 11:09 13:04 16:09 17:10 18:44
Gonai 11:10 13:05 16:10 17:11 18:45
Kami-Shinjo 11:11 13:06 16:11 17:12 18:46
Shinjo 11:12 13:07 16:12 17:13 18:47
Aramachi 11:13 13:08 16:13 17:14 18:48
Ōkawara 11:14 13:09 16:14 17:15 18:49
Sakaemachi 11:15 13:10 16:15 17:16 18:50
Toyomachi 11:16 13:11 16:16 17:17 18:51
Toyomachi Corner 11:16 13:11 16:16 17:17 18:51
Yashima Station 11:19 13:14 16:19 17:20 18:54
Aramachi Corner 11:19 13:14 16:19 17:20 18:54
Tatemachi 11:19 13:14 16:19 17:20 18:54
Yashima Bus Station 11:21 13:16 16:21 17:22 18:56
Ending point Yashima Bus Station
(Honjo Bus Station)
Yashima Bus Station Yashima Bus Station
(Honjo Bus Station)
Yashima Bus Station

Creative Commons License
This work (the text of this blog entry) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

Karate tests

In the Japanese Karate Association (JKA or 日本空手協会 in Japanese), beginners start off at 10 kyū, with a white belt. Every few months they take a test, advancing down to 1 kyū. There are various belt colors at this point. After 1 kyū is 1st degree black belt (shodan). After 1st degree black belt is 2nd degree black belt (nidan), continuing up to 10th degree.

For kyū tests and low level dan tests, there are three parts -- kihon (fundamentals), kumite (sparring), and kata (forms). Here's a description of the JKA test requirements as of 2010, closely following http://www.jka.or.jp/english/karate/kyu.html.

LevelRequirements

10th-9th kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, jōdan ageuke ->, chūdan sotouke ->, maegeri ->.
Kumite: none.
Kata: none.

8th kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, jōdan ageuke ->, chūdan sotouke ->, shutōuke ->, maegeri ->.
Kumite: Gohon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan.
Kata: Heian Shodan.

7th kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, jōdan ageuke <-, chūdan sotouke ->, chūdan uchiuke <-, shutōuke ->, maegeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right.
Kumite: Gohon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan.
Kata: Heian Nidan.

6th kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki <-, chūdan sotouke+gyakutsuki ->, chūdan uchiuke <-, shutōuke ->, maegeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right, yoko kekomi (kibadachi) left/right.
Kumite: Kihon Ippon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan. Left/right.
Kata: Heian Sandan.

5th kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki chūdan <-, sotouke+gyakutsuki ->, chūdan-uchiuke+gyakutsuki <-, shutōuke ->, maegeri ->, mawashigeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right, yoko kekomi (kibadachi) left/right.
Kumite: Kihon Ippon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan/maegeri. Left/right.
Kata: Heian Yondan.

4th kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki <-, chūdan sotouke+gyakutsuki ->, chūdan-uchiuke+gyakutsuki <-, shutōuke+nukite (kokutsu-dachi to zenkutsu-dachi) ->, maegeri ->, mawashigeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right, yoko kekomi (kibadachi) left/right.
Kumite: Kihon Ippon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan/maegeri. Left/right.
Kata: Heian Godan.

3rd kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, sanbon renzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki <-, chūdan sotouke+yoko enpi (zenkutsu-dachi to kibadachi) ->, chūdan uchiuke+gyakutsuki <-, shutōuke+nukite (kokutsu-dachi to zenkutsu-dachi) ->, maegeri ->, mawashigeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right, yoko kekomi (kibadachi) left/right.
Kumite: Kihon Ippon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan/maegeri/yoko kekomi. Left/right.
Kata: Tekki Shodan.

2nd kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, sanbon renzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki <-, chūdan sotouke+yoko enpi (zenkutsu-dachi to kibadachi) ->, chūdan uchiuke+gyakutsuki <-, shutōuke+nukite (kokutsu-dachi to zenkutsu-dachi) ->, maegeri ->, mawashigeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right, yoko kekomi (kibadachi) left/right.
Kumite: Jiyu Ippon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan/maegeri/yoko kekomi. Left/right.
Kata: Student's choice of Bassai-dai, Kanku-dai, Jion, or Empi.

1st kyū Kihon: chūdan junzuki ->, sanbon renzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki <-, chūdan sotouke+yoko enpi+yoko uraken (zenkutsu-dachi to kibadachi) ->, chūdan uchiuke+gyakutsuki <-, shutōuke+nukite (kokutsu-dachi to zenkutsu-dachi) ->, maegeri ->, rengeri (chūdan/jōdan) ->, mawashigeri ->, yoko keage (kibadachi) left/right, yoko kekomi (zenkutsu-dachi) left/right.
Kumite: Jiyu Ippon Kumite - jōdan/chūdan/maegeri/yoko kekomi/mawashigeri. One side.
Kata: Student's choice of Bassai-dai, Kanku-dai, Jion, or Empi.

1st dan Kihon: sambon renzuki ->, jōdan ageuke+gyakutsuki <-, chudan sotouke+yoko empi+yoko uraken (zenkutsudachi to kibadachi) ->, chudan-uchiuke+kizamizuki+gyakutsuki <-, shutouke+nukite (kokutsudachi to zenkutsudachi) ->, maegeri ->, rengeri (chūdan/jōdan) ->, yoko keage/yoko kekomi (kibadachi, alternate feet), yoko kekomi (zenkutsudachi) ->, mawashigeri ->.
Kumite: Jiyu Kumite.
Kata: Student's choice of Bassai-dai, Kanku-dai, Jion, or Empi.

2nd dan Kihon: kizamizuki+sanbon renzuki ->, maegeri+junzuki ->, yoko keage/yoko kekomi (kibadachi, alternate feet), ageuke+mawashigeri+yoko uraken+chudan junzuki, yoko kekomi+gyakutsuki (zenkutsudachi) ->, mawashigeri+gyakutsuki (zenkutsudachi) ->, maegeri/yoko kekomi/ushirogeri (zenkutsu-dachi, same foot left/right).
Kumite: Jiyu Kumite.
Kata: Student's choice of kata.

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

ATM bank transfer

The banks here have inconvenient hours. If you want to do a bank transfer, it can only be done between 8am and 3pm. Also, the local dry cleaner is open from 9am to 5pm. Inconceivable! Anyway, so it's possible to do a bank transfer at the ATM until 5pm, which is better than 3pm, except I can't read the ATM.

So I strolled into the bank at 4pm and asked about doing a bank transfer. The teller stated that they only do bank transfers until 3, so I should come back tomorrow. I asked for help with the ATM, it being all Chinese. She blinked. No eye contact, but in my direction. 8 times, precisely. After the 8th blink, another teller came over -- the mom of two of my students. She asked me to fill out some paperwork, which took 5 minutes, and we didn't use the paperwork and later shredded it. But after the paperwork, she helped me figure out the ATM. If only I had a photographic memory...

Here's a step-by-step walkthrough of doing a bank transfer (振り込み; furikomi) at a JA Bank ATM. Note that in rare cases (extremely expensive purchases, for example), a bank transfer must be done inside the bank with a teller.

Press the bank transfer button -- 振込 (short for 振り込み; furikomi). It's on the right in the middle.
This warning tells you that you're about to do a money transfer. Press green button in the lower right.
Press the top button, 電信振込 (denshin furikomi). This will do a wire transfer, which is normal. The bottom button, 文書振込 (bunsho furikomi), is for a paper transfer, and it's very rare.
Put your card in the slot.
Enter your PIN (暗証番号; anshou bangou).
Enter the amount of money, followed by 円.
If the amount of money is OK, press the green button in the lower right.
Choose how to select your destination.
  • To do a registered furikomi for which you have a number, press 登録番号 (touroku bangou).
  • To look up a registered furikomi number, press 登録照会 (touroku shoukai). However, I've never done this, so I can't be sure.
  • To search by bank name, press 振込先指定 (furikomi saki shitei). This is very common.
  • To use a furikomi card you already have, press 振込カード (furikomi kaado).
Choose the appropriate button for your destination.
  • If you're sending money to a regular bank, press 普通銀行 (futsuu ginkou).
  • If you're sending money to JA Akita Shinsei Bank, press 秋田しんせい農協 (akita shinsei noukyou).
  • If you're sending money overseas, press 外国銀行 (gaikoku ginkou).
There are two screens here I'm missing. They involve choosing what branch of the bank you want, and should be rather obvious.
Enter the account number (口座番号; kouza bangou), make sure it's right, and then press the green button in the lower right corner.
  • If you want to make a furikomi card, press the top button, 振込カード必要 (furikomi kaado hitsuyou).
  • If you don't want a furikomi card, press the bottom button, 振込カード不要 (furikomi kaado fuyou).
Take your receipt, ATM card, and furikomi card, if you made one. It's done.

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Japanese Karate

In Japan, it seems there are 3 popular flavors of karate. The flavor I practice is Japanese Karate (日本空手協会; nihonkaratekyoukai), sometimes called JKA. It's a variation of Shotokan Karate. Kyokushin Karate is the third popular karate style, and it is quite different from JKA and Shotokan. My club has 3 tests a year, and each test has three parts: kihon (fundamentals), kumite (sparring), and kata (forms). Kihon is simply fundamental techniques -- we demonstrate various kicks, punches, and blocks with no opponent. Kumite is sparring. For beginners, the moves are determined ahead of time. For example, Person A will try to punch Person B in the head, and Person B simply has to block it and counter. High level sparring is free sparring (自由組手; jiyuukumite), where you can attack and block as you like. This is the same as at tournaments. The third part of a karate test is a kata. A kata is a 30-60 second routine that one memorizes in advance.

Karate tournaments are much like karate tests. There are two categories, kumite and kata. Men only fight men, women only fight women, kids only fight kids their own age, and for adults there are no age classes. There are no weight classes, there are no skill classes, opponents are chosen randomly, and it's single elimination. There are categories for individuals and teams (3 people per team). In Akita, there are only two tournaments a year: the All-Akita Tournament, and the All-Tohoku Tournament.

Our rank starts at 10 kyuu, white belt, and we work our way down to 3 kyuu, brown belt. After about 3 years, if things go well, one can obtain a black belt, and become 初段 (shodan) -- literally, first degree black belt. After first degree black belt is second degree black belt, and so on. Adults don't use yellow, green, or purple belts -- we just go from white to brown. Anyhow, different branches of different martial arts all have their own color scheme.

RankBelt color
10 kyuuwhite
9-8 kyuuyellow
7-6 kyuugreen
5-4 kyuupurple
3-1 kyuubrown
shodan-black

The kata here is Heian Godan. 2009 Tohoku Taikai. Hirosaki, Aomori. 青森県弘前市。
The kata here is Heian Nidan. 2009 Akita Taikai. 秋田県立武道館。
Kumite. 2009 Akita Taikai. 秋田県立武道館。

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My Grandfather

One of my pictures is in the 2009 JET Journal, page 189.

The following is an essay I submitted to 2009 JET Journal. It was rejected.

My Grandfather's Last Journey

My grandfather died last June, and I didn't go to the funeral. It was too far away, too expensive. The truth is, I didn't want to go, though. Getting together after someone dies is a way to bring closure and to grieve, and no doubt that's important. But it's much more important to get together before the person dies. That's what we had done. In May, a month before my grandfather died, he came to Japan. His friends told him not to go, asked him to think of his failing health. But I think it was precisely because of his failing health that he insisted on going. The man loved to travel and be with his family, and to have that taken away is a burden I don't want to imagine. Neither did he, as it turns out.

So, in May my grandfather came to Japan with my parents. The four of us went to Tokyo and Kyoto and Himeji. We worried, my parents and I did, that my grandfather might wander off somewhere and get lost. So when we got to the hotel, we gave him three hotel business cards -- one for his wallet, one for his jacket pocket, and one for his pants pocket. We worried because there are three things my grandfather wanted every day: coffee, the New York Times (or failing that, the International Herald Tribune), and to check his email. Every morning, he got up and tried to find these three things. Of course my grandfather spoke no Japanese, so watching him find a newspaper was a sight to see. In the train stations he walked from vendor to vendor asking whether they had a newspaper in English. Most of the vendors had no idea what he meant, but nobody was ever rude, and in any case he didn't give up until he found something to read.

I clearly remember the day he died. I went to Yashima Junior High School, and when I checked my email after first period, there was the sad news. "Oh shit ... shit ..." I said, not loudly, but surely audible to the other teachers in the staff room. Nobody said anything. Not knowing what to do, I decided to take a walk through the hallways. This is a good strategy: when you're at a loss for words, go take a walk and look around. It will no doubt not solve your problem, but nobody would expect it to, anyway.

Yashima is an old building. It turned 61 this year, and the tea lady remembers when she studied there, the year it was built. When she was a student, the building was heated by a stove in each classroom. Steam pipes were added later, and they weave through the hallways at head level. As is standard for buildings of that era, the exterior is drab concrete. Off-white paint is peeling, and the wooden gym floor is buckling. I walked through the hallways that morning trying to figure out how I felt. The school has character, and places with character have the quality that they color the memories you form there. This April, Yashima is moving to a new building, and I think the old one will be torn down. I can't help but imagine that the memories I have, what my grandfather meant to me, will somehow be taken away too. This doesn't make sense, but even so.

In the hallway of Yashima there hangs a sign. The sign, which displays the school motto, reads, 「自分で決め 自分で歩く 自分の道。」. "Make your own choices. Walk your own pace. Choose your own path." I have always liked that motto, and it seems my grandfather did too. He loved to travel, and visiting Japan was his way of chasing his dreams, even in the end. Especially in the end. And that makes me smile.

Jinego Festival

The annual Jinego Festival (月山祭り) was on Saturday and Sunday, September 5-6. Jinego (笹子) is a village in Chokai (鳥海町), Yurihonjo (由利本荘市), Akita (秋田県).

Men banging signs together.
Women often walk up with tea kettles of sake and give them a glass. You can see it near the end of this clip.
These guys are holding a tree. The tree was in someone's house when the festival started -- they brought it down a flight of stairs and out the front door. I don't know why.
In 2008, I helped carry this float. We had too much energy and almost injured several people and buildings.
Girls doing a traditional dance. In the background you can see Jinego's main street.
Boys playing drums. Sorry about the low resolution video -- it's for the kids' privacy.

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Hot water

The other day I came home after basketball practice and there was no hot water. Ten o'clock at night, and the onsen was closed. So, I took a freezing shower and caught a cold the next day. After that miserable experience, here's what I learned.... For cooking, my apartment has propane, and for hot water it has kerosene (灯油) -- the big kerosene tank in the garage. To get them filled, I have to call Sato Toshinobu Shoten (佐藤寿信商店), 39.106539, 140.291390, (0184) 59-2020.

While we're on the topic of utilities, you can see from the above picture that my stove has a "fish drawer", a small oven for cooking fish. I never use it. In Japan, it is said that Western-style gas ovens were not uncommon decades ago, but now they're quite rare. Instead, we have fish drawers. And, the microwave has a heating element in the top of it, which isn't good enough for cookies but works well for frozen pizza.

It snows a lot here in Chokai, but for some reason there's no central heating. I heat my apartment with a kerosene heater. They sell kerosene at the gas station and the hardware store. In the winter, I fill a can weekly. There is an electric heater too, but maybe electricity is much more expensive than kerosene.

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Shurei Bow

For formal ceremonies in Japanese schools, everyone bows at the beginning and end of the ceremony. This bow is called a shurei (修礼). First, everyone stands at attention. On the piano, a C chord is played. Next, a G7 chord is played, and everyone bows. Finally, a C chord is played, and everyone stands at attention again.

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Romaji styles

There are many ways of writing Japanese in romaji. In Japan, all elementary school 4th graders study Kunrei style romaji, which is approved by MEXT. However, when writing names of places and people, we usually use Hepburn style romaji. Here are some examples of Hepburn style romaji.

ローマ字はスタイルいくつかがあります。日本では小学校4年生は訓令式ローマ字を勉強します。文部科学省は訓令式ローマ字を選びました。しかし、場所の名前や人の名前を書くときに、普通はヘバン式ローマ字を使われます。これはヘバン式ローマ字の例です。

  • チ = chi.
    • ちなつ = Chinatsu.
    • 川内 = Kawauchi.
  • シ = shi.
    • 柴田 = Shibata.
    • たかし = Takashi.
  • オウ = o.
    • こうた = Kota.
    • 鳥海 = Chokai.
    • 本荘 = Honjo.
    • 佐藤 = Sato.
  • オオ = o.
    • 太田 = Ota.
    • 大竹 = Otake.
  • ジ = ji.
    • 笹子 = Jinego.
    • けんじ = Kenji.
    • 藤原 = Fujiwara.
  • フ = fu.
    • 富士さん = Mt. Fuji.
    • 三船 = Mifune.

Actually, when writing names, we use something like the Hepburn style. But where Hepburn style romaji has characters like ' (Ken'etsu) and ō (Satō), we often simplify those and just use a-z, A-Z. For example, Kenetsu and Sato.

実は、名前書くときに、ヘバン式ローマ字はほとんど使います。ヘバン式ローマ字には、「'」(「Ken'etsu」)や「ō」(「Satō」)がありますけど、普通は、そのことをスキップをして、「a-z, A-Z」だけを使います。たとえば、「Kenetsu」や「Sato」。

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Graduation songs

Here are lyrics for some songs sung at elementary and junior high school graduation in Japan.

Tabidachi no hi ni (旅立ちの日に) was written by the principal (小嶋登) and music teacher (坂本浩美) of 秩父市立影森中学校 in Saitama. SMAP's cover of Tabidachi no hi ni is very nice. Ai Kawashima released a different song with the same name, which could be confusing.

旅立ちの日に Tabidachi no hi ni
白い光の中に 山なみは萌えて
遥かな空の果てまでも 君は飛び立つ
限り無く青い 空に心ふるわせ
自由を駆ける鳥よ ふり返ることもせず

勇気を翼にこめて 希望の風にのり
この広い大空に 夢をたくして

懐かしい友の声 ふとよみがえる
意味もないいさかいに 泣いたあのとき
心通った うれしさに抱き合って日よ
みんなすぎたけれど 思いで強く抱いて

勇気を翼にこめて 希望の風にのり
この広い大空に 夢をたくして

今 別れのとき
飛び立とう 未来信じて
弾む 若い 力信じて
この広い この広い 大空に

今 別れのとき
飛び立とう 未来信じて
弾む 若い 力信じて
この広い この広い 大空に
Shiroi hikari no naka ni yama nami wa moete
Harukana sora no hate made mo kimi wa tobitatsu
Kagiri naku aoi sora ni kokoro furuwase
Jiyu o kakeru tori yo furi kaeru koto mosezu

Yuki o tsubasa ni komete kibo no kaze ni nori
Kono hiroi ozora ni yume o takushite

Natsukashi tomo no koe futo yomigaeru
Imi mo nai isakai ni naita ano toki
Kokoro kayotta ureshisa ni daki atta hi yo
Minna sugi takeredo omoi de tsuyoku daite

Yuki o tsubasa ni komete kibo no kaze ni nori
Kono hiroi ozora ni yume o takushite

Ima wakare no toki
Tobitato mirai shinjite
Hazumu wakai chikara shinjite
Kono hiroi kono hiroi ozora ni

Ima wakare no toki
Tobitato mirai shinjite
Hazumu wakai chikara shinjite
Kono hiroi kono hiroi ozora ni

Furusato (ふるさと) is a traditional Japanese song that may be sung throughout the year.

ふるさと Furusato
うさぎ追いしかの山
こふな釣りしかの川
夢はいまもめぐりて
忘れがたきふるさと

いかにいます父母
つつがなしや友がき
雨に風につけても
重いいずるふるさと

志を果たして
いつの日にか帰らん
山は青きふるさと
水は清きふるさと
Usagi oishi kano yama
Kobuna tsurishi kano kawa
Yume wa ima mo megurite
Wasuregataki furusato

Ika ni imasu chichi haha
tsutsuganashi ya tomogaki
Ame ni kaze ni tsuketemo
Omoi izuru furusato

Kokorozashi wo hatashite
Itsu no hi ni ka kaeran
Yama wa aoki furusato
Mizu wa kiyoki furusato

Kimi Ga Yo (君が代) is Japan's national anthem.

君が代 Kimi ga yo
君が代は
千代に八千代に
さざれ石の
いわおとなりて
こけのむすめで
Kimi ga kayo wa
Chi yo ni ya chi yo ni
Sazare ishi no
Iwa oto narite
Koke no musume de

Sakura (さくら) was written by Naotaro Moriyama (森山直太朗) in 2003. Here's a video of Moriyama singing the song.

さくら Sakura
僕らはきっと待ってる
君とまた会える日々を
さくら並木の道の上で
手を振り叫ぶよ
どんなに苦しい時も
君は笑っているから
挫けそうになりかけても
頑張れる気がしたよ

霞みゆく景色の中に
あの日の歌が聴こえる
さくら さくら 今、咲き誇る
刹那に散りゆく運命と知って
さらば友よ 旅立ちの刻
変わらない その想いを今

今なら言えるだろうか
偽りのない言葉
輝ける君の未来を願う
本当の言葉

移りゆく街はまるで
僕らを急かすように
さくら さくら ただ舞い落ちる
いつか生まれ変わる瞬間を信じ
泣くな友よ 今惜別のとき
飾らないあの笑顔で さあ

さくら さくら いざ舞い上がれ
永遠にさんざめく 光を浴びて
さらば友よ またこの場所で会おう
さくら舞い散る道の上で
Bokura wa kitto matteru
Kimi to mata aeru hibi o
Sakura namiki no michi no ue de
Te o furi sakebu yo
Donna ni kurushii toki mo
Kimi wa waratteiru kara
Kujikeso ni narikakete mo
Ganbareru kigashita yo

Kasumiyuku keshiki no naka ni
Ano hi no uta ga kikoeru
Sakura sakura ima sakihokoru
Setsuna ni chiriyuku sadameto shitte
Saraba tomo yo tabidachi no toki
Kawaranai sono omoi o ima

Ima nara ieru daro ka
Itsuwari no nai kotoba
Kagayakeru toki no mirai o negau
Honto no kotoba

Utsuriyuku machi wa maru de
Bokura o sekasuyo ni
Sakura sakura tada maiochiru
Itsu ka umare kawaru toki o shinji
Naku na tomo yo ima sekibetsu no toki
Kazaranai ano egao de sa

Sakura sakura iza maiagare
Towa ni sanzameku hikari o abide
Saraba tomoyo mata kono basho de ao
Sakura maichiru michi no ue de

Sayonara Tomoyo (さよなら友よ) was written by 阪田寛夫 and 黒沢吉徳.

さよなら友よ Sayonara tomoyo
心を映して 空の色
少し悲しく 光る朝
別れの時が 今迫る
さよなら友よ さよなら友よ
忘れまいこの日を いつまでも

何にも言わない 校舎さえ
心ありげに 見える今日
勇んで行けと 声がする
さよなら友よ さよなら友よ
忘れまいこの日を いつまでも

草の芽伸び行く 春の道
行手示して 浮かぶ雲
別れの時が 今迫る
さよなら友よ さよなら友よ
忘れまいこの日を いつまでも
Kokoro o utsushite sora no iro
Sukoshi kanashiku hikaru asa
Wakare no toki ga ima semaru
Sayonara tomoyo sayonara tomoyo
Wasuremai kono hi o itsu made mo

Nani mo iwanai kosha sae
Kokoro arike ni mieru kyo
Isan de ike to koe ga suru
Sayonara tomoyo sayonara tomoyo
Wasuremai kono hi o itsu made mo

Kusa no me nobi yuku haru no michi
Yukute shimeshite ukabuku mo
Wakare no toki ga ima semaru
Sayonara tomoyo sayonara tomoyo
Wasuremai kono hi o itsu made mo

The Yurihonjo City Song (由利本荘市歌) is used for commencement, graduation, and various other events. The city website has PDFs of the vocal and piano sheet music.

由利本荘市歌 Yurihonjo City Song
時に添い歴史つらめき
里をうるおし人をむすんで
小吉川 海へと向かう水の道
その海はせめぎあう世界へひらく
先人の知恵に学んで今日を生きる
la la la la la la

ふるさとの四季おりおりに
花はほほえみ風は薫って
鳥海の 山きよらかに裾をひき
頂きはめくるめく宇宙につづく
子どもらとともに夢見て明日を創る
la la la la la la aah aah
Toki ni soi reikishi tsurameki
Sato o uruoshi hito o musunde
Koyoshigawa umi e to mukau mizu no michi
Sono umi wa semegi au sekai e hiraku
Senjin no chie ni manande kyo o ikiru
La la la la la la

Furusato no shiki oriori ni
Hana wa hohoemi kaze wa kaotte
Chokai no yama kiyo raka ni suso o hiki
Itadaki wa mekurumeku uchuu ni tsudzuku
Kodomora to tomo ni yume mite asu o tsukuru
La la la la la la aah ahh
鳥海中学校校歌 Chokai Junior High School Song
鳥海の峰  空に映え
けだかき姿 わが誇り
縄文の丘  つつじ咲き出で
歴史を胸に よろこび学ぶ
すこやかに すこやかに
英知を磨き
ああ鳥海中学校
理想に燃える

若鮎躍る 子吉川
清き流れぞ わが鏡
勤労の日々 汗さわやかに
大地の恵み 永久に忘れじ
たくましく たくましく
体を鍛え
ああ鳥海中学校
いのち輝く

ぶなの林の やまどりは
希望はばたく わが未来
文化薫りて のびゆく町の
夢語り合う 友情の和よ
うつくしく うつくしく
心一つに
ああ鳥海中学校
明日を拓く
Chokai no mine sora ni hae
Keda kaki sugata waga hokori
Jomon no oka tsutsuji sakiide
Rekishi o mune ni yorokobi manabu
Sukoyaka ni sukoyaka ni
Eichi o migaki
Ah ah chokai chuu gakkou
risou ni moeru

Wakaayu odoru koyoshigawa
Kiyoki nagarezo waga kagami
Kinro no hibi ase sayaka ni
Daichi no megumi towa ni wasureji
Takumashiku takumashiku
Karada o kitae
Ah ah chokai chuu gakkou
inochi kagayaku

Bunano hayashi no yamadori wa
Kibo wa bataku waga mirai
Bunka kaorite nobiyuku machi no
Yumegatari au yujo no wayo
Utsukushiku utsukushiku
Kokoro hitotsu ni
Ah ah chokai chuu gakkou
ashita o hiraku
矢島中学校校歌
清く淀みなき小吉川の流れは
我らの心を洗う
耳を澄ませ聞けよあの深淵の響きを
矢島中学の永久の教え
天の上原はきわまりなく
学びの広野はつきることなし
科学正義我らみないそしむところ
矢島中学の強き信念
土に香りありふるさとあり
伸びゆく我らの望みも豊か
若葉萌ゆる八汐の木かげに思う
矢島中学の窓は楽し
雲にそびえ立つ鳥海山
白雪輝き我らをみがく
仰げ進め希望の高峰をさして
矢島中学の永久の使命
Going to the top of Akita

The following is an essay I wrote for the Feb 2009 Hanabi, the Akita JET quarterly.

I got up too early, put three rice balls, a chocolate bar, a bottle of water and a thermos of tea in my bag, and walked out the door. Conbini Sato wouldn't open for another hour. In Jinego there's only one convenience store and it was closed. The vending machines were open. So I bought two cans of coffee instead of sunblock.

Forty-five minutes later, I arrived at Haraikawa, the trailhead. It was a beautiful April day. Maybe in Kisakata spring had arrived, but not here on the slopes of Mt. Chokai. The snowbanks by the road formed a tunnel. The mountain was sitting snow-covered, waiting patiently. Fifteen minutes later, Mr. Murayama arrived. He's the oldest teacher at my school and is somehow faster for it. He loves to hike and so do I.

The trail up Mt. Chokai winds its way, zig-zagging over rocks and streams, but not when it's covered with snow. When it's covered with snow you can go straight to the top. I suppose you could turn, but your boots might lose traction. A hundred people were hiking that day, most of them with skis. Mr. Murayama and I weren't carrying skis, because we believe in the saying, "No pain, no pain." Still, we wanted to have fun going down, so we brought two pieces of heavy duty plastic. Calling them sleds would be an overstatement.

We got to the top three hours later. Not a bad time, all things considered. I suppose you don't want to stop for long water breaks when, if you sit down, your butt gets cold. Like I said, it was a beautiful April day, but at the top it was windy. It was ridiculously windy and very cold too. So we quickly took some pictures, feeling pretty good about the ascent, and started back down. We couldn't use our sleds at the top because it was too steep. But a little way down we could, and in 10 minutes we slid back to the halfway point.

I had assumed we would go up and down fast, maybe finishing with a late lunch in Yashima. But Mr. Murayama disagreed -- apparently it's traditional in Japan to have a large lunch when hiking. Mr. Murayama took out his stove, canned meat, tea, ramen, rice balls and chocolate, and gave half to me. I felt a little embarrassed, considering how little I brought, but that feeling soon passed and we enjoyed the bleak and lifeless, magnificent and pristine, scenery. We could see Yashima and Honjo to the north and the Sea of Japan to the west.

After lunch and some more sledding, we got back to the cars. Mr. Murayama drove home, and I drove to the onsen to nurse my sunburned face. It was a bad sunburn that hurt even a week later before my face peeled and I grew a new one. But the mountain and onsen are still there. I'll be back to visit both, as soon as it snows a bit more.

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

Chokai schools

If you want to see what my schools and students look like, try the school websites. They're in Japanese, but pictures are pictures. You can find a map using the listed latitude and longitude. Try Geohack or maps.google.com.

Hitane Elementary School (直根小学校) 39.165510, 140.162719
Jinego Elementary School (笹子小学校) 39.109151, 140.289370
Kawauchi Elementary School (川内小学校) 39.189577, 140.193805
Chokai Junior High School (鳥海中学校) 39.181451, 140.194441
Yashima Junior High School (矢島中学校) 39.234190, 140.140507
Old Yashima Junior High School (古い矢島中学校) 39.225410, 140.135848
Chokai ALTs
2007-2010Douglas PerkinsNorth Dakota, USA
2005-2007Kevin KellyIreland
2004-2005Cisco DilgCalifornia, USA
2002-2004GregCalifornia, USA
2001-2002TracyCanada

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

Yurihonjo gyms

Here are some gyms in Yurihonjo (由利本荘市), Akita (秋田県). You can find a map using the listed latitude and longitude. Try Geohack or maps.google.com.

鳥海町トレーニングセンター (Chokai Training Center)
矢島青少年ホーム (Yashima Seishonen Home)
市民第二体育館 (Shimin Daini Gym)
セミナーハウス (Seminar House)
石脇体育館 (Ishiwaki Gym)
由利本荘市総合体育館 (Yurihonjo Sougou Gym)
岩城総合体育館 (Iwaki Sougou Gym)

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

Chokai stores

Here are some businesses in Chokai Town (鳥海町), Yurihonjo (由利本荘市), Akita (秋田県). You can find a map using the listed latitude and longitude. Try Geohack or maps.google.com.

ちひろ (Chihiro)
ほっといんレストラン (Hottoin Restaurant)
ももや (Momoya)
横丁 (Yokocho)
こうや (Kouya)
どん平
清吉そば (Seikichi Soba)
鳥海荘 (Chokaiso)
Aコープ (A-Coop)
ほっといん直売所 (Hottoin Chokai)
Saison Fugetsu (セソンふーげつ)
菜らんど (Sairando)
BARBER ONUMA
Daily Yamazaki

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Japanese grammar

Junior high school English teachers in Japan use this grammar vocabulary on a regular basis. It may be useful to know in order to explain mistakes to students. See also Jim Breen's WWWJDIC, goo dictionary, and Tae Kim's Japanese guide to Japanese grammar.

EnglishKanjiKana
Sentenceぶん
Grammar文法ぶんぽう
Composition作文さくぶん
Noun名詞めいし
Pronoun代名詞だいめいし
Proper noun固有名詞こゆうめいし
Relative pronoun関係代名詞かんけいだいめいし
Adjective形容詞けいようし
Adverb副詞ふくし
Particle助詞じょし
Verb動詞どうし
Helping verb助動詞じょどうし
Participle分詞ぶんし
Preposition前置詞ぜんちし
Conjunction接続詞せつぞくし
Gerund動名詞どうめいし
Object目的語もくてきご
Question word疑問詞ぎもんし
Reference term指示語しじご
Comparative比較級ひかくきゅう
Superlative最上級さいじょうきゅう
Same rank同格どうかく
Past tense過去形かこけい
Present tense現在形げんざいけい
Future tense未来形みらいけい
Normal form原形げんけい
Perfect form完了形かんりょうけい
Continuous form進行形しんこうけい
Singular form単数形たんすうけい
Plural form複数形ふくすうけい

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

ESL flash cards

I compiled many flash cards and art for teaching elementary school English in Japan. Many files are Creative Commons licensed (if written in the file itself) or in the public domain (see the COPYING file), so you can modify them and redistribute them, if you like.

Nomad ESL clipart

The flash cards cover many topics: days of the week, months, weather, fruit, emotions, family members, greetings, pizza, school rooms, buildings, vehicles, and more. For each topic, there are A4 flash cards and karuta cards. You probably want the PDFs. If you want to edit the files, download the original images or the odg files. You can edit Open Document Graphics (odg) and Open Document Text (odt) files with OpenOffice, among other programs. OpenOffice is free. See also Clker, PD Clipart, and Wikimedia Commons.

Padlock

I find it disgusting that I can't include mp3s of The Beatles' "Hello Goodbye" or Eric Clapton's "Willie and the Hand Jive" on my website. These 40-year-old songs that I can use in my classroom, that I think you should use in yours, they are part of our history. They are part of our culture, but they're locked away from us, and for no good reason.

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.

ALT Course of Study

Two of my pictures are in the 2008 JET Journal, pages 95-96.

The following is an essay I submitted to the 2008 JET Essay Contest (Japanese Language). It was rejected.

ALTの練習課程
ダグラス パーキンス

私は去年8月、小さいながらも居心地よい家を出て日本に来ました。自己紹介で、「日本語は上手じゃないですけど、英語は上手です。だから、みんなは英語の勉強をして、私は日本語の勉強をします」と私は言いました。自己紹介を5回しましたが、5回とも同じ事を言いました。何度も同じ事を言い続ければ、だんだんそうなると信じ込むようになります。私は毎日日本語の勉強をします。多くの方法を使います:本や教科書やカード、漢字プリントや会話やエッセイです。実は私はこのエッセイを書きましたが、一人で書いた訳ではありません。数ヶ月前、中学生と話して、「日本語でエッセイを書く。でも日本語は難しい。だからYou should help me with it.」と言いました。もしかしたら彼らにはそのアイデアが面白く聞こえたのかもしれません。彼らは「should」と「must」と同じ意味としてとらえたために「yes」と答えたかもしれません。つまり、私は「一緒にしましょう」と誘ったわけですが、彼らは「しなければならない」という責任や義務として理解したわけです。もしかしたら生徒は分からなくても、「yes」と答えたのかもしれません。私には分かりません。「私と生徒たちの努力が成功するだろうか?」と今思っています。今あなたが読めているということは成功したことになります。まあ、読めなくても私たちはとても楽しめたと思います。

中学校で、日本語の学ぶことは興味深い事だと思います。もし時間に余裕があるなら、あなたも毎日使う機会のある日本語の勉強をされたらいかがですか。学校の先生方も喜んであなたの勉強を手伝ってくれるはずです。先日、教頭先生が私にポエムをプレゼントしてくれました。漢字の練習のため、私はそのポエムを手本にコピー、手書きしました。でもポエムの漢字はまったく分かりませんでした。今に至ってもそのポエムの意味は私にとって不可解です。辞典で漢字を調べるのは長い時間がかかり大変です。そこでお話を作りました。モンスターと魔術を使って戦う魔法使いの話です。その呪文は日本語でしたので、魔法使いは一生懸命日本語を勉強しなくてはなりませんでした。つまり私が言いたいのは、「Slime Forest」と「Number Crunchers」とファンタジーロールプレイ、双方の利用ということです。おそらくあなたは紙で書く練習が好きでないかもしれません。でも幸運な事に、学校には漢字練習に使えるニンテンドーDSの漢字ビデオゲームがあるはずです。僕はまだそのゲームを試してみたことはありませんが、試してみた人がいたら、メールを下さい。何か分からない日本語に出会うとき、あなたは廊下を歩き回り、生徒を見つけ、質問をします。でもその生徒はあなたから逃げてしまいます。しかし10秒後には、その生徒のクラスメイトたちがその分からない日本語を説明してくれます。生徒たちは最初、日本語で説明します。でも10秒後には、なんとか英語で説明してくれます。その時彼らの英語は正しい英語ではないかもしれません。しかしそれは大事な事じゃないと思います。生徒のアドバイスは後でチェックすることが無論大切ですが、「学生に助けを求めて質問することは有益な戦略です。」「たしかに、眺めてみればなにかが見つかるのが普通です。しかしそれが求めていた何かでは、かならずしもないかもしれません。」とトールキンは書きました。つまり日本語の宿題やCLAIR日本語テストの準備をするとき、その事実を私たちは忘れてはいけません。なにしろ生徒たちはまだ敬語などの文法を十分には習得していない訳ですから。

日本語は色々な場所で勉強できます。自分の家で、中学校で、図書館で、Mr. Donutで、小学校で。小学校では、一年生は優しいですが、大変です。ALTと一緒に折り紙したり、絵を描いたり、遊んだりすることは大好きですが、自分の言っていることがALTに通じないことを気付きません。子供たちは大学で勉強したテキストの日本語では話しませんので、ちょっと大変です。その結果、私は二つの日本語を勉強しています。ひとつはですます体や敬語の日本語で、もうひとつは動詞がなくてもいい、1・2語文の日本語です。一年生と話す時ですます体を使えば、子供たちは私が言ったことを原形でリピートします。つまり、子供たちは動詞の変形をしてくれます。うれしい動詞活用サービスです。

ALTは学生と日本語で話してはいけないと言われています。時々そうではありませんが、ほとんどの場合において真実です。もちろん、ALTは少しどころか、全く日本語を教室で使いません。また、ALTが日本語を使えば、何人かの学生は日本語だけで話したがるでしょう。それはよくないことです。ですから、私は度々いくつかのトピックに生徒たちを引きつけるために、ほんの少し日本語を交えながら話します。間もなく、自分が話していることが分からなくなり、英語で話さなければならくなります。それでも、私の戦略はいつも上手くいくとは限りません。佐藤君というある優しい学生は、教室以外では決して私に英語で話さないことを人生の目標に決めました。しかし、ある日私たちは互いに中国語で挨拶をしましたから私は楽観的です。一方、もう一人の同姓の佐藤君は恥ずかしがり屋です。でも、「趣味は何ですか」と私は佐藤君に聞いて、彼は少しリラックスしました。先月、「佐藤君の趣味はバスケット」と言うのを見てから、今では「NBAでは誰がナンバーワンフォワードか」を一緒に論じています。クリーブランド・キャバリアーズのレブロン・ジェームズです。お互いの共通の興味を知らなければ、私にとって最初に紹介した佐藤君は、二番目に紹介した佐藤君と同じくらい離れた存在です。つまり、もしあなたが全くコミュニケーションをとらなければ、何を言語で話すかはあまり問題ではありません。ですから、昼食時間、バスケット練習、ブラスバンドクラブでチェロを弾いている時、何人かの生徒たちと私は日本語と英語の両方を使って話します。英語と日本語の程よい組み合わせで話すことによって、その彼も英語と日本語でもっと会話ができるために準備をするようになります。ここでの目的はコミュニケーションです。コミュニケーションはとても大切だと考えます。とりわけ、コミュニケーションは海外旅行、学校生活、親善、国際交流、エッセイの執筆、龍と会話、15小節をどの楽器が演奏するか尋ねたり、空手で新しい方を習うなど好奇心の真髄です。コミュニケーションはおそらく、いいえ、きっと楽しいですから。

ALT Course of Study
Douglas Perkins

Last August, I left my comfortable little home and came to Japan. In my self-introduction, I said "I don't speak Japanese very well, but for the classroom maybe my English is quite good. So, you will study English, and I will study Japanese." I gave my self-introduction only five times, but perhaps if you say something enough times you start to believe it. I study Japanese every day and in many ways: books, flashcards, writing drills, conversations, and essays. This essay was written by me, but certainly not me alone. Several months ago I told some junior high school students they should help me work on it. Maybe they thought it sounded interesting. Or maybe there was a translation error with the word "should" -- sometimes "should" is a command, but other times it's an invitation. Or maybe they simply said "yes" without understanding. I don't know. Sometimes I wonder whether our collective effort was a success. If you're reading this, then perhaps it was. Even if you aren't, we enjoyed it.

Studying Japanese at junior high schools is an interesting thing. If you have some extra time, why not spend it learning a language that you use every day? Other teachers will happily help you with your studies. For example, one time the vice principal gave me a poem. I copied the poem for kanji practice, but I didn't know the kanji. To this day I have no idea what the poem meant. Of course, looking up kanji takes a long time, so I made up a translation. It was about a wizard fighting monsters with magic, but the spell's words were in Japanese, so the wizard had to work very hard. I guess I'm saying it was a cross between Slime Forest, Number Crunchers, and fantasy role playing. Perhaps you don't like practicing on paper. Fortunately, there's a kanji video game for the Nintendo DS that one can use to practice kanji at school too. I haven't tried this yet. If you do, please email me. And when you don't understand something, wander the halls until you find a student. The student will run away. Then, ten seconds later the student's class will be explaining the Japanese you don't understand. They'll explain ... in Japanese. And ten seconds after that they'll figure out how to say it all in English. It may not be proper English, but I think that's not a problem. Asking students for help is a useful strategy, though it's important to double check their advice. As Tolkien said, "You always find something, if you look, but it is not always quite the something you were after." This fact should be borne in mind when doing Japanese homework and CLAIR Japanese tests. After all, kids may have not learned such grammar (honorifics) yet.

Japanese can be studied in many places: at home, exciting classes at the library, Mr. Donut, junior high school, and elementary school. At elementary school, first grade students are friendly and frustrating. They love to do origami or draw pictures or play, but they cannot tell when you don't understand what they're saying. This is challenging because they simultaneously use Japanese and basic English, but not the Japanese taught to foreigners at the university. Consequently, I know two Japaneses. On the one hand, keigo and masu and desu verb endings, and on the other hand, one- and two-word sentences, verbs optional. If you use desu and masu with first graders, they will repeat what you said except in direct form. It's like a happy and free conjugation service.

It may be remarked that one should not speak in Japanese with the students. Most of the time, this is true, but sometimes it isn't. Of course, in the classroom there is little or no role for Japanese. Also, there is a risk that if the ALT uses Japanese, some students will speak to the ALT only in Japanese. This is no good. So, I often use just enough Japanese to get them hooked on some topic. After a while, I will not understand something, so we will have to start using English. Even so, my strategy does not always work. One friendly student, Sato-kun, has decided it is his goal in life to never, ever, speak to me in English outside the classroom... Although, the other day we greeted each other in Chinese, so there is yet hope. On the other hand, another student, Sato-kun, is very shy. Yet, when I asked him, "Shumi wa nan desu ka?", he relaxed a little. After finding out that his hobby is watching basketball, we now regularly argue about who the best forward in the NBA is. It's LeBron James. Without finding that common interest between us, Sato #1-kun would be as distant from me as Sato #2-kun. In short, if you aren't communicating at all, it simply doesn't matter in what language you would speak if you were to do so. So, during lunch or at basketball practice or when playing cello with the brass band, some of the students and I speak to each other in both English and Japanese. By talking in a reasonable mix of Japanese and English, we become prepared to talk more, later, in Japanese and English. The aim here is communication, which I think is very important. After all, communication is at the heart of our interests, be it for travel abroad or school or friendship, cultural exchange, writing essays, speaking with dragons, asking what instruments play in measure fifteen, or learning a new form in karate. Or maybe, mostly, because it's a lot of fun.

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Listen to this

At Yashima Junior High School (矢島中学校), I often make music requests. Some of the kids know The Beatles or The Carpenters, and they all know Michael Jackson is creepy (but not his music). 90s rock music is foundational to their growth as individuals.

1. Ojo. Leo Kottke, 6 and 12 String Guitar. 1969. Not sure the students know how to handle 12 string solo guitar.
2. Basket Case. Green Day, Dookie. 1994. Plus the next three songs on the album, because they didn't bother to change the CD after the song.
3. Stairway to Heaven. Led Zeppelin, IV. 1971. Vice principal likes.
4. In the Meantime. Space Hog, Resident Alien. 1995. Everyone who knows this song loves it.
5. Give Up the Funk. Parliament, The Best of Parliament Funkadelic. You have to party while listening to George Clinton.
6. Me and Bobby McGee. Janis Joplin, Pearl. 1971.
7. Tank! Seatbelts, Cowboy Bebop OST. 1998. 中学生 were too young to see it on TV.
8. Blue Sky. The Allman Brothers, A Decade of Hits 1969-1979.
9. Steven's Last Night in Town. Ben Folds Five, Whatever and Ever Amen. 1997.
10. Beat It. Michael Jackson, Thriller. 1984.
11. Come On (Let the Good Times Roll). Jimi Hendrix, Electric Ladyland. 1968.
12. Promises. Eric Clapton, Backless. 1978.
13. Follow the Leader. Eric B. and Rakim, Follow the Leader. 1988.
14. Maria. West Side Story (Original Broadway Cast). 1957.
15. Wish You Were Here. Pink Floyd, Wish You Were Here. 1975.
16. Stickshifts and Safetybelts. Cake, Fashion Nugget. 1996.
17. Feel. Robbie Williams, Escapology. 2003.
19. Strawberry Fields Forever. The Beatles, Magical Mystery Tour. 1967.
20. Everlong. Foo Fighters, The Colour and the Shape. 1997.
21. Where It's At. Beck, Odelay. 1996.
22. Out of My Head. Fastball, All the Pain Money Can Buy. 1998.
23. The Kids Aren't Alright. The Offspring, Americana. 1998.
24. Fade to Black. Metallica, Ride the Lightning. 1984.

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For attribution of this work, link to this page and include my name, Douglas P Perkins.